Hadith of al-Jarrah and Abu Sinan al-Ashja‘iyyan (may Allah be pleased with them)

حَدِيثُ الْجَرَّاحِ وَأَبِي سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيَّيْنِ، ١٨٤٦٠ - حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو دَاوُدَ، حَدَّثَنَا هِشَامٌ، عَنْ قَتَادَةَ، عَنْ خِلَاسٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ عُتْبَةَ، قَالَ: أُتِيَ ابْنُ مَسْعُودٍ فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، فَمَاتَ عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا، وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا، فَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا شَهْرًا، فَلَمْ يَقُلْ فِيهَا شَيْئًا، ثُمَّ سَأَلُوهُ، فَقَالَ: أَقُولُ فِيهَا بِرَأْيِي، فَإِنْ يَكُ خَطَأً فَمِنِّي وَمِنَ الشَّيْطَانِ، وَإِنْ يَكُ صَوَابًا، فَمِنَ اللهِ، " لَهَا صَدَقَةُ إِحْدَى نِسَائِهَا، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ ". فَقَامَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ فَقَالَ: " أَشْهَدُ لَقَضَيْتَ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فِي بِرْوَعَ ابْنَةِ وَاشِقٍ "، ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ هَلُمَّ شَاهِدَاكَ، فَشَهِدَ لَهُ الْجَرَّاحُ وَأَبُو سِنَانٍ، رَجُلَانِ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ (١)،

Abdullah bin Uqbah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once a matter was presented before Abdullah bin Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him): a man married a woman, but the man passed away before he had fixed a dowry for his wife and before he had met her in seclusion. What is the ruling regarding this? This question was asked of him for a month, but he did not give any answer about it. Finally, he said: I will answer this according to my opinion; if the answer is wrong, then it is the imagination of my own self and the whispering of Satan, and if the answer is correct, then it will be by the grace of Allah. This woman (the widow) should be given the dowry that is customary for women like her, she will also receive her husband’s inheritance, and she will be required to observe the waiting period (‘iddah). Upon hearing this decision, a man from the tribe of Ashja’ stood up and said: I bear witness that you have given the same verdict regarding this matter as the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) gave regarding Barwa’ bint Washiq. Ibn Mas’ud (may Allah be pleased with him) said: Present witnesses. So two men from the tribe of Ashja’, Jarrah (may Allah be pleased with him) and Abu Sinan (may Allah be pleased with him), gave this testimony.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ، حَدَّثَنَا زَائِدَةُ، حَدَّثَنَا مَنْصُورٌ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، وَالْأَسْوَدِ، قَالَ: أَتَى قَوْمٌ عَبْدَ اللهِ يَعْنِي ابْنَ مَسْعُودٍ فَقَالُوا: مَا تَرَى فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ، قَالَ: فَقَالَ رَجُلٌ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ، قَالَ: مَنْصُورٌ: أُرَاهُ سَلَمَةَ بْنَ يَزِيدَ، فَقَالَ: فِي مِثْلِ هَذَا قَضَى رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، تَزَوَّجَ رَجُلٌ مِنَّا امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي رُؤَاسٍ، يُقَالُ لَهَا بِرْوَعُ بِنْتُ وَاشِقٍ، فَخَرَجَ مَخْرَجًا، فَدَخَلَ فِي بِئْرٍ، فَأَسِنَ، فَمَاتَ، وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا، فَأَتَوْا رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فَقَالَ: " كَمَهْرِ نِسَائِهَا، لَا وَكْسَ، وَلَا شَطَطَ، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ " (٢)، ،

The previous hadith is also narrated through this second chain, however, in this it also mentions the details of the incident of Barwa’ bint Washiq (may Allah be pleased with her), that one of our men married a woman from Banu Ru’us, Barwa’ bint Washiq. By chance, he had to go somewhere, and on the way he went down into a well. He became dizzy from the stench of that well, fell, and died in it. The dowry had not been fixed. Those people came to the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ), so the Prophet (ﷺ) said: This woman will receive the dowry similar to that of women like her, there will be no increase or decrease in it. She will also receive inheritance, and the waiting period (iddah) will also be obligatory upon her.

حَدَّثَنَا حَسَنُ بْنُ مُوسَى، حَدَّثَنَا حَمَّادُ بْنُ سَلَمَةَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، أَنَّ رَجُلًا تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، فَتُوُفِّيَ عَنْهَا زَوْجُهَا قَبْلَ أَنْ يَدْخُلَ بِهَا وَلَمْ يُسَمِّ لَهَا صَدَاقًا، فَسُئِلَ عَنْهَا عَبْدُ اللهِ، فَقَالَ: " لَهَا صَدَاقُ إِحْدَى نِسَائِهَا، وَلَا وَكْسَ، وَلَا شَطَطَ، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ " فَقَامَ أَبُو سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ فِي رَهْطٍ مِنْ أَشْجَعَ، فَقَالُوا: " نَشْهَدُ لَقَدْ قَضَيْتَ فِيهَا بِقَضَاءِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ " (١)، ،

Alqamah (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once a matter was presented before Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): A man married a woman, but he passed away before he had fixed a dowry for his wife and before he had met her in seclusion. What is the ruling regarding this? This question was asked of him for a month, but he did not give any answer regarding it. Eventually, he said: I will answer this according to my opinion; if the answer is wrong, then it is the imagination of my own self and the whispering of Satan, and if the answer is correct, then it will be by the grace of Allah. This woman (the widow) should be given the dowry similar to that of women like her, she will also receive her husband's inheritance, and she will be required to observe the waiting period ('iddah). Upon hearing this decision, a man from the tribe of Ashja' stood up and said: I bear witness that you have given the same verdict regarding this matter as the Prophet (ﷺ) gave concerning Barwa' bint Washiq. The previous hadith is also narrated through this second chain.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، قَالَ عَبْدُ اللهِ: وَحَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَا ابْنُ أَبِي زَائِدَةَ، عَنْ دَاوُدَ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ بِهَذَا، وحَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ اللهِ، قَالَ: حَدَّثَنَاهُ ابْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ عَبْدُ اللهِ بْنُ مُحَمَّدٍ فَذَكَرَ الْحَدِيثَ (١)، ،

Abdullah ibn Muhammad ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us, Abdullah said: Ibn Abi Shaybah narrated to us, he said: Ibn Abi Za'idah narrated to us, from Dawud, from al-Sha'bi, from Alqamah with this. And Abdullah narrated to us, he said: Ibn Abi Shaybah Abdullah ibn Muhammad narrated it to us, and he mentioned the hadith.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ فِرَاسٍ، عَنِ الشَّعْبِيِّ، عَنْ مَسْرُوقٍ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ، فِي رَجُلٍ تَزَوَّجَ امْرَأَةً، فَمَاتَ عَنْهَا وَلَمْ يَدْخُلْ بِهَا، وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا، قَالَ: " لَهَا الصَّدَاقُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ " فَقَالَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ: " شَهِدْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، قَضَى بِهِ فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ " (١)،

Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once a case was presented before Abdullah bin Masood (may Allah be pleased with him): A man married a woman, but before he could fix her dowry and before he had any private meeting with her, the man passed away. What is the ruling in this case? This question was asked of him for a month, but he did not give any answer regarding it. Finally, he said: I will answer this according to my opinion; if the answer is wrong, then it is the imagination of my own self and the whispering of Satan, and if the answer is correct, then it will be by the grace of Allah. This woman (the widow) should be given the dowry that is customary for women like her, she will also receive her husband's inheritance, and she will be required to observe the waiting period (‘iddah). Upon hearing this decision, a man from the tribe of Ashja’ stood up and said: I bear witness that you have given the same verdict regarding this issue as the Prophet Muhammad (ﷺ) gave concerning Barwa’ bint Washiq. The previous hadith is also narrated through this second chain.

حَدَّثَنَا عَبْدُ الرَّحْمَنِ، عَنْ سُفْيَانَ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، عَنْ عَبْدِ اللهِ مِثْلَ حَدِيثِ فِرَاسٍ (٢)، ،

Abdur-Rahman narrated to us, from Sufyan, from Mansur, from Ibrahim, from Alqamah, from Abdullah, similar to the hadith of Firas.

حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ، أَخْبَرَنَا سُفْيَانُ، عَنْ مَنْصُورٍ، عَنْ إِبْرَاهِيمَ، عَنْ عَلْقَمَةَ، قَالَ: أُتِيَ عَبْدُ اللهِ فِي امْرَأَةٍ تَزَوَّجَهَا رَجُلٌ، فَتُوُفِّيَ، وَلَمْ يَفْرِضْ لَهَا صَدَاقًا، وَلَمْ يَكُنْ دَخَلَ بِهَا، قَالَ: فَاخْتَلَفُوا إِلَيْهِ، فَقَالَ: " أَرَى لَهَا مِثْلُ صَدَاقِ نِسَائِهَا، وَلَهَا الْمِيرَاثُ، وَعَلَيْهَا الْعِدَّةُ " فَشَهِدَ مَعْقِلُ بْنُ سِنَانٍ الْأَشْجَعِيُّ " أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ قَضَى فِي بِرْوَعَ بِنْتِ وَاشِقٍ بِمِثْلِ هَذَا " (١)، ،

Masruq (may Allah have mercy on him) says that once a matter was presented to Abdullah bin Mas'ud (may Allah be pleased with him): A man married a woman, but he died before he had fixed a dowry for her and before he had been alone with her. What is the ruling in this case? This question was asked of him for a month, but he did not give any answer regarding it. Finally, he said: I will answer this according to my opinion; if the answer is wrong, then it is the imagination of my own self and the whispering of Satan, and if the answer is correct, then it will be by the grace of Allah. This woman (the widow) should be given the dowry that is customary for women like her, she will also receive her husband's inheritance, and she will be required to observe the waiting period ('iddah). Upon hearing this decision, a man from the tribe of Ashja' stood up and said: I bear witness that you have given the same verdict regarding this matter as the Prophet (ﷺ) gave concerning Barwa' bint Washiq.