The Book Concerning the Use of Correct Words

I heard Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) as saying: Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: The son of Adam Abu ses Dahr (the time), whereas I am Dahr since in My hand are the day and the night.

‏ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يَسُبُّ ابْنُ آدَمَ الدَّهْرَ وَأَنَا الدَّهْرُ بِيَدِيَ اللَّيْلُ وَالنَّهَارُ ‏"

Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: The son of Adam displeases Me by abusing Dahr (time), whereas I am Dahr--I alternate the night and the day.

‏ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُؤْذِينِي ابْنُ آدَمَ يَسُبُّ الدَّهْرَ وَأَنَا الدَّهْرُ أُقَلِّبُ اللَّيْلَ وَالنَّهَارَ ‏"

Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, said: The son of Adam causes Me pain as he says: Woe be upon the Time. None of you should say this: Woe be upon the Time, as I am the Time (because) I alternate the day and the night, and when I wish I can finish them up.

‏ قَالَ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ يُؤْذِينِي ابْنُ آدَمَ يَقُولُ يَا خَيْبَةَ الدَّهْرِ ‏.‏ فَلاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ يَا خَيْبَةَ الدَّهْرِ ‏.‏ فَإِنِّي أَنَا الدَّهْرُ أُقَلِّبُ لَيْلَهُ وَنَهَارَهُ فَإِذَا شِئْتُ قَبَضْتُهُمَا ‏"

None of you should say: Woe be upon the Time, for verily Allah is the Time.

‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ يَا خَيْبَةَ الدَّهْرِ ‏.‏ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الدَّهْرُ ‏"

Do not abuse Time, for it is Allah Who is the Time.

‏ لاَ تَسُبُّوا الدَّهْرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الدَّهْرُ ‏"

None of you should abuse Time for it is Allah Who is the Time, and none of you should call 'Inab (grape) as al-karm, for karm is a Muslim person.

‏ لاَ يَسُبُّ أَحَدُكُمُ الدَّهْرَ فَإِنَّ اللَّهَ هُوَ الدَّهْرُ وَلاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ لِلْعِنَبِ الْكَرْمَ ‏.‏ فَإِنَّ الْكَرْمَ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ ‏"

Do not use the word karm (for wine) for worthy of respect is the heart of a believer.

‏ لاَ تَقُولُوا كَرْمٌ ‏.‏ فَإِنَّ الْكَرْمَ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ ‏"

Do not name grape as karm, for worthy of respect is a Muslim.

‏ لاَ تُسَمُّوا الْعِنَبَ الْكَرْمَ فَإِنَّ الْكَرْمَ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ ‏"

None of you should use the word al-harin (for grape) for the heart of a believer is karm (worthy of respect).

‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمُ الْكَرْمُ ‏.‏ فَإِنَّمَا الْكَرْمُ قَلْبُ الْمُؤْمِنِ ‏"

None of you should use the word al-karm for 'Inab, for karm (worthy of respect) is a Muslim person.

‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ لِلْعِنَبِ الْكَرْمَ ‏.‏ إِنَّمَا الْكَرْمُ الرَّجُلُ الْمُسْلِمُ ‏"

Do not say al-karm (for the word vine) but say al-habala (that is grape).

‏ لاَ تَقُولُوا الْكَرْمُ ‏.‏ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا الْحَبَلَةُ ‏"

This hadith has been reported by Alqama b. Wa'il on the authority of his father with a different chain of transmitters and with a slight variation of wording.

‏ لاَ تَقُولُوا الْكَرْمُ ‏.‏ وَلَكِنْ قُولُوا الْعِنَبُ وَالْحَبَلَةُ ‏"

None of you should say: My bondman and my slave-girl, for all of you are the bondmen of Allah, and all your women are the slave-girls of Allah; but say: My servant, my girl, and my young man and my young girl.

‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَبْدِي وَأَمَتِي ‏.‏ كُلُّكُمْ عَبِيدُ اللَّهِ وَكُلُّ نِسَائِكُمْ إِمَاءُ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ لِيَقُلْ غُلاَمِي وَجَارِيَتِي وَفَتَاىَ وَفَتَاتِي ‏"

None of you should say: My bondman, for all of you are the bondmen of Allah, but say: My young man, and the servant should not say: My Lord, but should say: My chief.

‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ عَبْدِي ‏.‏ فَكُلُّكُمْ عَبِيدُ اللَّهِ وَلَكِنْ لِيَقُلْ فَتَاىَ ‏.‏ وَلاَ يَقُلِ الْعَبْدُ رَبِّي ‏.‏ وَلَكِنْ لِيَقُلْ سَيِّدِي ‏"

My Lord, and Abu Mu'awiya made an addition:" For it is Allah, the Exalted and Glorious, Who is your Lord."

وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، وَأَبُو كُرَيْبٍ قَالاَ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو سَعِيدٍ الأَشَجُّ، حَدَّثَنَا وَكِيعٌ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنِ الأَعْمَشِ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ وَفِي حَدِيثِهِمَا ‏‏ وَلاَ يَقُلِ الْعَبْدُ لِسَيِّدِهِ مَوْلاَىَ ‏"‏ ‏.‏ وَزَادَ فِي حَدِيثِ أَبِي مُعَاوِيَةَ ‏"‏ فَإِنَّ مَوْلاَكُمُ اللَّهُ عَزَّ وَجَلَّ ‏"‏ ‏.‏"

None of you should say: Supply drink to your lord, feed your lord, help your lord in performing ablution, and none of you should say: My Lord. He should say: My chief, my patron; and none of you should say: My bondman, my slave-girl, but simply say: My boy, my girl, my servant.

‏ لاَ يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمُ اسْقِ رَبَّكَ أَطْعِمْ رَبَّكَ وَضِّئْ رَبَّكَ ‏.‏ وَلاَ يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ رَبِّي ‏.‏ وَلْيَقُلْ سَيِّدِي مَوْلاَىَ وَلاَ يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ عَبْدِي أَمَتِي ‏.‏ وَلْيَقُلْ فَتَاىَ فَتَاتِي غُلاَمِي ‏"

None of you should say: "My soul has become evil," but he should say: "My soul has become remorseless." This hadith has been transmitted on the authority of Abu Bakr with a slight variation of wording.

حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو بَكْرِ بْنُ أَبِي شَيْبَةَ، حَدَّثَنَا سُفْيَانُ بْنُ عُيَيْنَةَ، ح وَحَدَّثَنَا أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ الْعَلاَءِ حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو أُسَامَةَ، كِلاَهُمَا عَنْ هِشَامٍ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ عَائِشَةَ، قَالَتْ قَالَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏‏ لاَ يَقُولَنَّ أَحَدُكُمْ خَبُثَتْ نَفْسِي ‏.‏ وَلَكِنْ لِيَقُلْ لَقِسَتْ نَفْسِي ‏"‏ ‏.‏ هَذَا حَدِيثُ أَبِي كُرَيْبٍ وَقَالَ أَبُو بَكْرٍ عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏ وَلَمْ يَذْكُرْ ‏"‏ لَكِنْ ‏"‏ ‏.‏"

This hadith has been narrated on the authority of Abia Mu'iwiya with the same chain of transmitters.

وَحَدَّثَنَاهُ أَبُو كُرَيْبٍ، حَدَّثَنَا أَبُو مُعَاوِيَةَ، بِهَذَا الإِسْنَادِ ‏.‏

None of you should say:" My soul has become evil," but he should say:" My soul has become remorseless."

‏ لاَ يَقُلْ أَحَدُكُمْ خَبُثَتْ نَفْسِي ‏.‏ وَلْيَقُلْ لَقِسَتْ نَفْسِي ‏"

There was a woman from Bani Isra'il who was short-statured and she walked in the company of two tall women with wooden sandals in her feet and a ring of gold made of plates with musk filled in them and then looked up, and musk is the best of scents; then she walked between two women and they (the people) did not recognise her, and she made a gesture with her hand like this, and Shu'ba shook his hand in order to give an indication how she shook her hand.

‏ كَانَتِ امْرَأَةٌ مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ قَصِيرَةٌ تَمْشِي مَعَ امْرَأَتَيْنِ طَوِيلَتَيْنِ فَاتَّخَذَتْ رِجْلَيْنِ مِنْ خَشَبٍ وَخَاتَمًا مِنْ ذَهَبٍ مُغْلَقٍ مُطْبَقٍ ثُمَّ حَشَتْهُ مِسْكًا وَهُوَ أَطْيَبُ الطِّيبِ فَمَرَّتْ بَيْنَ الْمَرْأَتَيْنِ فَلَمْ يَعْرِفُوهَا فَقَالَتْ بِيَدِهَا هَكَذَا ‏"

Abu Sa'id Khudri reported that Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) made a mention of a woman of Bana Isra'il who had filled her ring with musk and musk is the most fragrant of the scents.

حَدَّثَنَا عَمْرٌو النَّاقِدُ، حَدَّثَنَا يَزِيدُ بْنُ هَارُونَ، عَنْ شُعْبَةَ، عَنْ خُلَيْدِ بْنِ جَعْفَرٍ، وَالْمُسْتَمِرِّ، قَالاَ سَمِعْنَا أَبَا نَضْرَةَ، يُحَدِّثُ عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ الْخُدْرِيِّ، أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ذَكَرَ امْرَأَةً مِنْ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ حَشَتْ خَاتَمَهَا مِسْكًا وَالْمِسْكُ أَطْيَبُ الطِّيبِ ‏.‏

He who is presented with a flower should not reject it, for it is light to carry and pleasant in odour.

‏ مَنْ عُرِضَ عَلَيْهِ رَيْحَانٌ فَلاَ يَرُدُّهُ فَإِنَّهُ خَفِيفُ الْمَحْمِلِ طَيِّبُ الرِّيحِ ‏"

This is how Allah's Messenger (ﷺ) fumigated.

حَدَّثَنِي هَارُونُ بْنُ سَعِيدٍ الأَيْلِيُّ، وَأَبُو طَاهِرٍ وَأَحْمَدُ بْنُ عِيسَى قَالَ أَحْمَدُ حَدَّثَنَا وَقَالَ الآخَرَانِ، أَخْبَرَنَا ابْنُ وَهْبٍ، أَخْبَرَنِي مَخْرَمَةُ، عَنْ أَبِيهِ، عَنْ نَافِعٍ، قَالَ كَانَ ابْنُ عُمَرَ إِذَا اسْتَجْمَرَ اسْتَجْمَرَ بِالأَلُوَّةِ غَيْرِ مُطَرَّاةٍ وَبِكَافُورٍ يَطْرَحُهُ مَعَ الأَلُوَّةِ ثُمَّ قَالَ هَكَذَا كَانَ يَسْتَجْمِرُ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم ‏.‏